First, compared to patents and publications, these molecules should represent lead compounds that industry has decided to invest in at the clinical level

First, compared to patents and publications, these molecules should represent lead compounds that industry has decided to invest in at the clinical level. of them are spoken by Alpha-Naphthoflavone at least 45 million people.1 If each pharmacological active principle were to be called differently in each country and language, it would be disastrous for health as well as for scientific progress. Think, for example, of pharmacovigilance, of scientific publications, and of those traveling around the world. Brand names that exist in most parts of the world well-exemplify this situation. In many countries the same drug is sold with multiple brand names, and, to make matters worse, these brand names change from country to country. While chemists might think that International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) names represent unique identifiers, it must be acknowledged that these are complicated, almost impossible to memorize for the lay public, and error prone. A common name, short and easy to pronounce, that identifies the same medicine everywhere in the world, is therefore required. This was realized soon after World War II, and in 1953 the World Health Assembly, the governing body of the World Rabbit polyclonal to APAF1 Health Organization (WHO), passed resolution WHA3.11, which stated that an expert Committee of the WHO all share the common stem that identifies antiulcer, benzimidazole derivatives (these brief definitions are given by the Committee once a stem is officially identified).9 If drugs are not recognized by the INN Expert Group as being part of a broader category, they will be assigned a unique ending. If other molecules that share the new feature will have an INN requested for them in the future, then these will receive the same ending, and the committee will promote it as an official stem. The WHO publishes a stem book and regular updates that can be freely consulted.9 Yet, it is not only the stem that qualifies a name, as there are prefixes (a syllable at the beginning of the INN), infixes (a syllable in the middle of the word), or suffixes (a syllable at the end of the INN) that characterize the name and may give information to the learned reader. For example, the syllable -are all stems identifying different drug classes and that the prefix identifies anti-hyperglycemics, which are sulfonamide derivatives; for examples of the most frequent stems used by the INN Expert Group since 2000, see Table 1 below. Another example of how INNs work is represented by the manner by which chiral switches are represented in INNs, in which an infix illustrates the change, for example, in (according to WHO, 17.5% of INNs have used this stem in lists p1-p119)9#2b-(according to WHO, 7.5% of INNs have used this stem in lists p1-p105)9#7b-for androgens). bThese stems possess substems that categorize in more detail. For example, -group together tyrosine kinase inhibitors (-is, instead, used for insecticides, anthelmintics, pesticides, etc., phosphorus derivatives. In general, INNs are selected for the active moiety of Alpha-Naphthoflavone drugs. Pharmaceutical reasons may drive slight modifications to be made during the drug development process or during the lifetime of the product. This is the case of salified forms, ester prodrugs, hydrates or solvate forms, combination products, or complexes. To reduce the number of published INNs, all these cases do not result Alpha-Naphthoflavone in the publication of a different INN from that assigned to the active.